How to test your RAM with Windows Memory Diagnostic

Faulty memory causes blue screens, random restarts, freezes and damaged files. Windows Memory Diagnostic is built into Windows: it restarts the PC, tests the RAM before Windows loads, and writes the result to the System log.

Time
Depends on the amount of memory. The extended test can run for several hours
Level
Easy
You need
Nothing. The PC cannot be used while the test runs.

Before you start

  • Save your work and close all programs: the PC restarts.
  • On a laptop, connect the charger.

Windows 11 and 10

Steps written for Windows 11 25H2 and 26H2, Windows 10 22H2.

  1. Open Windows Memory Diagnostic

    Press Windows + R, type mdsched.exe and select OK. You can also search for Windows Memory Diagnostic and open it from the results.

  2. Choose when to test

    Select Restart now and check for problems (recommended) to test right away. Select Check for problems the next time I start my computer if you want to finish your work first: the test then runs at the next start.

  3. Let the test run

    The PC restarts into a blue screen that shows the progress of the test. You do not have to do anything. When the test ends, the PC restarts by itself and Windows loads.

  4. Look for the notification

    Sign in. After a short while Windows shows a notification with the result, also when no errors were found. If you missed it, read the result in Event Viewer.

  5. Open the System log

    Press Windows + R, type eventvwr and select OK. In Event Viewer, expand Windows Logs and select System.

  6. Find the result

    Right-click System and select Find. Type MemoryDiagnostics-Results and press Enter. Select the event that is found: its text says whether the test detected errors.

These steps have not yet been checked against the current version of the vendor's documentation.

What the result means

ResultWhat it means
No errors (the event has the level Information)The RAM is probably working correctly. If the crashes continue, run the extended test below, or look for another cause.
Errors were detectedThe PC has failing hardware. See the next section.
No MemoryDiagnostics-Results eventStart the test again and do not switch the PC off while it runs.

Run a longer test

Memory faults that show up only now and then can pass the standard test. When the blue test screen appears, press F1 to open the options:

  • Test mix: Basic, Standard or Extended. The choices are described on the screen.
  • Cache: Default, On or Off.
  • Pass count: how many times the test repeats.

Press F10 to start the test with your settings. The extended test can run for several hours.

If errors are found

  1. Back up your files now. Faulty memory can damage files as they are saved: Back up your files (Windows Backup, File History, Time Machine).
  2. If the PC is under warranty, contact the manufacturer. A failed memory test is a hardware fault.
  3. On a desktop PC or a laptop with removable memory, you can find the failing module yourself: switch the PC off, unplug it, leave one module in, and run the test again. Repeat for each module and each slot.
  4. Replace the module that fails. Memory soldered to the motherboard has to be repaired by the manufacturer.
  5. Run the test again until it reports no errors.

Do not reinstall Windows to fix memory errors: the fault is in the hardware, and Windows cannot repair it.

If the memory is fine but the PC still crashes

Check the other usual causes of crashes: damaged system files (Run DISM and SFC to repair Windows system files), a failing drive (Check a disk for errors (chkdsk)) and faulty drivers (Update, roll back or reinstall a driver).

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Sources

  1. Microsoft Learn: Bug Check 0x1A MEMORY_MANAGEMENT (Microsoft recommends Windows Memory Diagnostic) (read Oct 11, 2026)
  2. Microsoft Q&A: Windows Memory Diagnostic Tool Help (steps and Event Viewer, answer by Microsoft support) (read Oct 11, 2026)
  3. Microsoft Q&A: Memory test tool (the two choices, reading the result, answer by a Microsoft support engineer) (read Oct 11, 2026)
  4. Microsoft Q&A: Memory Diagnostic Runs Every Time I Boot (F1 options, quoted from Windows Help) (read Oct 11, 2026)

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